Carbon-Based Porous Materials in Biomedical Applications: Concept and Recent Advancements

Porous materials are an enticing area of study because of their high specific surfaces, chemical high stability, pore abundancy and unique electrical, optical, thermal, and mechanical properties. Carbon-based porous materials have evolved quite rapidly in recent years, becoming an important class of porous materials. Due to their distinct physiochemical and biological properties, these materials have attracted extensive interest for different applications including sensors and biosensors, catalysis and biocatalysis, techniques of separation and purification, drug delivery, and other biomedical applications. Current nanotechnology research offers highly effective and flexible treatment approaches for increased therapeutic effectiveness and minimization of side effects. Recent advancements in biomedical research and technology focused on carbon porous materials have been discussed in this chapter. Porous carbon structures such as activated carbon, mesoporous carbon materials, graphene, carbon nanotubes, and fullerenes have been briefed for biomedical applications such as drug delivery. Finally, there is a discussion of the technology's challenges as well as the toxic effect of these materials on human health.