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Impact of Ammonia Blended Fuels on NOx Emissions in Combustion Engine
Journal
AIAA Science and Technology Forum and Exposition, AIAA SciTech Forum 2022
Date Issued
2022-01-01
Author(s)
Singh, Paramvir
Berwal, Pragya
Patil, Vishal
Khandelwal, Bhupendra
Kumar, Sudarshan
Abstract
Ammonia is a smart future energy carrier and promising non-carbonaceous fuel for combustion engines. Ammonia itself is combustible and could play a vital role in transitioning toward cleaner energy sources from fossil fuel energy. Ammonia is easy to handle, transport, manufacture, and use. There are some barriers with the use of ammonia as a fuel for combustion engines. One of the main issues in the exhaust of ammonia blended fuel operated engines is higher NOx emission. NOx can be formed in combustion engines through thermal and fuel-bound nitrogen mechanisms. The oxidation of atmospheric nitrogen inside the combustion chamber at a high temperature is the mechanism of thermal NOx formation. Fuelbound NOx can be formed with the oxidation of elemental nitrogen in the fuel composition. The higher NOx emissions from ammonia-fueled engines are mainly due to fuel-bound nitrogen. However, the issue of higher NOx emissions can be effectively tackled with the tweaking in engine parameters. Exhaust gas treatment is also a potential way to reduce NOx emissions as per the emission standards. The present article will cover various approaches used in combustion engines to minimize the NOx emissions from ammonia and its blended fueled engines.
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